Texas Constitution:Article III, Section 51-c - Revision history

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	\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly punished, grants authorized		\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly punished, grants authorized
	\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to persons who have been improperly fined or imprisoned.		\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to persons who have been improperly fined or imprisoned.
	\|seo_image=~~Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3~~.jpg		\|seo_image=mod_Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg
	\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department		\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department

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	* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries . . . . That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' ~~Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c.~~ The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) (citation omitted) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries . . . . That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")

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	* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries ~~[], the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone~~. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries . . . . That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")

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	* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries~~, see Act of Mar. 13, 1848, 2d R.S., ch. 80, 1848 Tex. Gen. Laws 79, 79-84 ("An Act to establish a State Penitentiary")~~, the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries [], the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")

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	* ''State v. Clements'', 319 S.W.2d 450, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2413660204882182745#p452 452] (Tex.Civ.App.–Texarkana 1958, ref'd) ("The expressed objectives of the amendment are to: (1) Make innocent persons fined or imprisoned for violating the law of Texas a subject of aid and compensation; (2) remove, as to the class of persons named in the amendment, the prohibition of Sec. 51, Art. III against granting funds to an individual; (3) empower enactment of such regulations and limitations the Legislature decides will promote the objective of aid and compensation to the class of persons named. From the section and article of the Constitution amended as well as the language used, no present right to aid and compensation is conferred upon the class of persons named independent of or without reference to the additional power at the same time vested in the Legislature. The right to receive aid and compensation is contingent upon action by the Legislature.")		* ''State v. Clements'', 319 S.W.2d 450, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2413660204882182745#p452 452] (Tex.Civ.App.–Texarkana 1958, ref'd) ("The expressed objectives of the amendment are to: (1) Make innocent persons fined or imprisoned for violating the law of Texas a subject of aid and compensation; (2) remove, as to the class of persons named in the amendment, the prohibition of Sec. 51, Art. III against granting funds to an individual; (3) empower enactment of such regulations and limitations the Legislature decides will promote the objective of aid and compensation to the class of persons named. . . . The right to receive aid and compensation is contingent upon action by the Legislature.")

	\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")		\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")

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	* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries, see Act of Mar. 13, 1848, 2d R.S., ch. 80, 1848 Tex. Gen. Laws 79, 79-84 ("An Act to establish a State Penitentiary"), ~~756*756~~ the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to "grant aid and compensation to any person" fined or imprisoned "for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient." Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing~~. See, e.g., State v. Clements, 319 S.W.2d 450, 453 (Tex. Civ. App.-Texarkana 1958, writ ref'd). It simply authorized legislation for its stated purpose~~.")		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries, see Act of Mar. 13, 1848, 2d R.S., ch. 80, 1848 Tex. Gen. Laws 79, 79-84 ("An Act to establish a State Penitentiary"), the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to 'grant aid and compensation to any person' fined or imprisoned 'for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient.' Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing.")

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	* ''State v. Clements'', 319 S.W.2d 450, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2413660204882182745#p452 452]		* ''State v. Clements'', 319 S.W.2d 450, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2413660204882182745#p452 452] (Tex.Civ.App.–Texarkana 1958, ref'd) ("The expressed objectives of the amendment are to: (1) Make innocent persons fined or imprisoned for violating the law of Texas a subject of aid and compensation; (2) remove, as to the class of persons named in the amendment, the prohibition of Sec. 51, Art. III against granting funds to an individual; (3) empower enactment of such regulations and limitations the Legislature decides will promote the objective of aid and compensation to the class of persons named. From the section and article of the Constitution amended as well as the language used, no present right to aid and compensation is conferred upon the class of persons named independent of or without reference to the additional power at the same time vested in the Legislature. The right to receive aid and compensation is contingent upon action by the Legislature.")

	(Tex. Civ. App.~~-Texarkana~~ 1958, ~~writ~~ ref'd).

	("The expressed objectives of the amendment are to: (1) Make innocent persons fined or imprisoned for violating the law of Texas a subject of aid and compensation; (2) remove, as to the class of persons named in the amendment, the prohibition of Sec. 51, Art. III against granting funds to an individual; (3) empower enactment of such regulations and limitations the Legislature decides will promote the objective of aid and compensation to the class of persons named. From the section and article of the Constitution amended as well as the language used, no present right to aid and compensation is conferred upon the class of persons named independent of or without reference to the additional power at the same time vested in the Legislature. The right to receive aid and compensation is contingent upon action by the Legislature.")

	\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")		\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")
	\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly ~~imprisoned~~, grants authorized		\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly punished, grants authorized
	\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to persons who have been improperly fined or imprisoned.		\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to persons who have been improperly fined or imprisoned.
	\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg		\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg

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	~~None~~.		* ''State v. Clements'', 319 S.W.2d 450, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2413660204882182745#p452 452]

			(Tex. Civ. App.-Texarkana 1958, writ ref'd).

			("The expressed objectives of the amendment are to: (1) Make innocent persons fined or imprisoned for violating the law of Texas a subject of aid and compensation; (2) remove, as to the class of persons named in the amendment, the prohibition of Sec. 51, Art. III against granting funds to an individual; (3) empower enactment of such regulations and limitations the Legislature decides will promote the objective of aid and compensation to the class of persons named. From the section and article of the Constitution amended as well as the language used, no present right to aid and compensation is conferred upon the class of persons named independent of or without reference to the additional power at the same time vested in the Legislature. The right to receive aid and compensation is contingent upon action by the Legislature.")

	\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")		\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")

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	\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")		\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")
	\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly imprisoned, grants authorized		\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly imprisoned, grants authorized
	\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to ~~any person~~ who ~~has~~ been improperly fined or imprisoned.		\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to persons who have been improperly fined or imprisoned.
	\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg		\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg
	\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department		\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department

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	* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749,		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749, [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12437101429954066189#p755 755-56] (Tex. 2023) ("Over a century after Texas authorized state penitentiaries, see Act of Mar. 13, 1848, 2d R.S., ch. 80, 1848 Tex. Gen. Laws 79, 79-84 ("An Act to establish a State Penitentiary"), 756*756 the People decided that those who had been wrongfully imprisoned should not bear the loss of such misfortune alone. That sovereign policy decision manifested itself in a constitutional amendment approved in November 1956, which authorizes the legislature to "grant aid and compensation to any person" fined or imprisoned "for an offense for which he or she is not guilty, under such regulations and limitations as the Legislature may deem expedient." Tex. Const. art. III, § 51-c. The amendment was a cautious, aspirational step. It did not directly promise anything to anyone, for by its terms the amendment was not self-executing. See, e.g., State v. Clements, 319 S.W.2d 450, 453 (Tex. Civ. App.-Texarkana 1958, writ ref'd). It simply authorized legislation for its stated purpose.")
	[

	755] (Tex. 2023)

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	~~None~~.		* ''Brown v. City of Houston'', 660 S.W.3d 749,
			[

			755] (Tex. 2023)

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	* State v. ~~Clements, 319 S.W.2d 450 (Tex. Civ. App.-Texarkana 1958, writ refd)~~		None.

	\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")		\|seo_title=Article III, Section 51-c of the Texas Constitution ("Aid or Compensation to Persons Improperly Fined or Imprisoned")
	\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly imprisoned, grants authorized		\|seo_keywords=Article 3 Section 51-c, improperly imprisoned, grants authorized
	\|seo_description=		\|seo_description=The Legislature may grant aid or compensation to any person who has been improperly fined or imprisoned.


	\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg		\|seo_image=Texas_Constitution_of_1876_Article_3.jpg
	\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department		\|seo_image_alt=Article III: Legislative Department