Article XVI, Section 23 of the Texas Constitution (discussion page)
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A county sheriff has the authority and responsibility to enforce the estray laws of chapter 142 of the Agriculture Code whether the county has adopted a local-option stock law or remains an open-range area.
https://www.texasattorneygeneral.gov/sites/default/files/opinion-files/opinion/2019/kp-0278.pdf
In exercise of that authority, the Legislature enacted chapter 143 of the
Agriculture Code to give a local area the option to decide by election whether to impose a duty on
owners of specified classes of animals to restrain the animals from running at large within the local
area. TEX. AGRIC. CODE§§ 143.021-.082 (chapter 143, subchapters B-D). Chapter 143 alters the
common law in two additional respects. It prohibits owners of livestock to knowingly allow their
animals to run at large on the right of way of state or federal highways whether located in an openrange area or a stock-law area. Id.§ 143.102; Goode v. Bauer, 109 S.W.3d 788, 791 (Tex. App.-
Corpus Christi 2003, pet. denied).